Terpenes are a broad category of volatile compounds found throughout the natural world and are specifically concentrated within the secretions of the cannabis flower’s trichomes. Terpenes are the compounds responsible for providing the aroma and taste to flower. In addition, they play an important role in protecting the organism from multiple forms of infection and predation (1). 

Why we test 

As the cannabis market continues to grow and diversify, cultivators and consumers are showing greater interest in the potential value of terpenes. Recent research has begun to examine the nature of the “entourage effect”, a phenomenon whereby the combined usage of terpenes and cannabinoids can have synergistic effects on the body’s endocannabinoid system. This synergy is likely responsible for providing an overall stronger experience for the user. New treatments for anxiety, depression, and other mood disorders in general are also ongoing (2). 

How we test: 

Our lab uses a Gas-Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) system to identify and quantify the terpene profile in each sample. Our GC setup utilizes a liquid injection system to allow for better recovery and a fuller extraction of sample materials. The FID is specifically set up for the detection and analysis of volatile organic compounds found within your product, with a detector sensitivity down to 1 part per million (1 ppm).  

As the cannabis market continues to grow, our team at NV Cann Lab hopes to help you in building your business with the consistency, quality, and integrity that you require. 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324885/ (2) 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120914/#:~:text=Terpenes%2C%20also%20known%20as%20isoprenoids,taste%2C%20and%20pigment%20of%20plants. (1)

Here at NV Cann Microbiology department, we provide services for our clients by screening pathogenic microorganisms using scientific methods like qPCR and microbial plating. qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) is a method that amplifies the target organism’s DNA. Microbial plating is performed on a petri film where the analyst will visually count out the growth colonies.

It is important to measure the amount of pesticides and mycotoxins in marijuana products. Pesticides are chemicals that are used to kill different organisms and fungi. Mycotoxins are toxins created by different fungi and molds. There are more than 300 mycotoxins, but Nevada only requires testing for Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin. Pesticides and mycotoxins can be harmful to humans in small amounts. Other pesticides can interact with hormone production and homeostasis of the human body. In order to protect the community, it is important to make sure that pesticides and mycotoxins are within a legal limit.   

We test pesticides and mycotoxins on our most accurate and sensitive instruments. One pesticide is tested on an Agilent 7000 GC-MS triple quad. The rest of the pesticides and mycotoxins are tested on a Water TQS or TQS micro liquid chromatographer -MS. These instruments work by ionizing the chemical compound and then breaking that compound into different pieces. The mass spectrometer then switches very fast between selecting which ionized compound to look at and which fragments it detects. It does this at incredible speeds and can detect multiple compounds at the same time. These instruments are so sensitive that we can detect down to one part per billion in a single microliter.  

Heavy metals testing on cannabis products is crucial for ensuring the safety of goods offered to the public.  Cannabis plants are known to accumulate heavy metals from the soils they grow in, as well as from nutrients and water sources used during cultivation (Agilent, 2024).  The state of Nevada requires samples be tested for Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), and Lead (Pb).  Limits are set for each element to provide guidelines for producers and consumers to follow: if a sample measures above said limit, it fails and cannot be sold for consumption.

Sample preparation for heavy metals consists of collecting an aliquot from each sample received, adding acid to help break down the sample, and digesting the sample with the help of a high-powered, digestion-specific microwave.  From here, the digested sample is diluted per the method and ready to run on an ICP-MS.  ICP-MS stands for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.  The instrument works by turning a liquid (sample matrix) into a spray that is separated to look for specific elements—in this case As, Cd, Hg, Pb (Barron & Raja, 2019).  Results are measured in parts per billion (ppb) and reported with the matching sample weight. 

Sources

Agilent. (2024). Heavy Metals Analysis in Cannabis and Hemp Products. Agilent Technologies.

             https://www.agilent.com/en/solutions/cannabis-hemp-testing/heavy-metals

Barron, A. R., & Raja, P. M. V. (2019). Physical Methods in Chemistry and Nano Science. LibreTexts.

             https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Physical_Methods_in_Chemistry_and_Nano_Science_(Barron)

What we test 

Residual solvents are a category of volatile hydrocarbons that can be detected after a solvent extraction has been performed in creating infused or concentrated products. These solvents help breakdown target compounds under regulated conditions and are widely used throughout many industries. The solvents mandated for testing in Nevada include propanes, butanes, and heptanes, and are utilized for their relatively low toxicity towards humans.  

 Why we test 

Solvent extraction residues can impact the purity and quality of your product, altering its texture and consistency. Over the mandated limit, your sample will automatically fail for Residual Solvent testing. Using GMP systems and having effective Quality Control measures are vital for ensuring the purity of your product. 

How we test 

At NV Cann Labs, we use a Headspace Gas-Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (HS-GC-FID) system to test for solvents. By heating our samples, we can volatilize and test the solvent released and quantify the amount of solvent present in each sample.

We also provide genetics testing like plant gender and plant Hop Latent virus. Both of which also uses PCR method.

A wonderful serenity has taken possession of my entire soul, like these sweet mornings of spring which I enjoy with my whole heart. I am alone, and feel the charm of existence in this spot. And the meridian sun strikes the upper.

A wonderful serenity has taken possession of my entire soul, like these sweet mornings of spring which I enjoy with my whole heart. I am alone, and feel the charm of existence in this spot. And the meridian sun strikes the upper.